Lesson 5 - Welding Filler Metals for Stainless Steels

5.11.0.5 Another common use of stainless steel filler metals is the overlaying or cladding of less expensive steels with a layer of stainless. Mild steel tanks designed to hold corrosive liquids may be lined with stainless steel in this manner. Usually, continuous bare or flux cored electrodes are used with an automated welding setup. Current and penetration must be controlled closely to limit dilution with the base metal. Sometimes it is necessary to deposit more than one layer to assure the correct analysis of the deposit. 5.11.0.6 The welding of stainless clad plate (produced by some steel mills) should also be mentioned. Thicker sections may be welded with both mild steel and stainless electrodes, and thinner sections may be welded only with stainless electrodes. Joint preparation, welding procedure and electrode selection will vary with the thickness and type of clad plate being welded. Welding of clad plate is a specialized area of dissimilar metal welding and beyond the scope of this course. 5.12 STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES AND FILLER METALS There are several different forms of stainless steel electrodes: covered, continuous solid bare, continuous flux cored and cut length bare welding rods. 5.12.1 Covered Stainless Electrodes - Arcaloy covered stainless steel electrodes are classified according to the American Welding Society Filler Metal Specification A-5.4-92. As defined by that specification, the electrodes are classified by weld metal composition and type of welding current. For example, the AWS designation E308-15 means electrode (E), AISI type 308 steel (20% chrome, 10% nickel) and direct current electrode positive (-15). If the classification reference were E308-16, it would indicate an electrode (E), AISI type 308 steel (308) and AC-DC electrode positive operation (-16 & -17). Arcaloy lime coated electrodes have the DC suffix -15, Arcaloy AC-DC electrodes have the suffix -16, and Arcaloy Plus elec- trodes use the -17 suffix. 5.12.1.1 Arcaloy high alloy stainless steel covered electrodes are produced by extruding carefully formulated and mixed coating material on a stainless steel core wire, thus ensuring constant weld metal properties and composition. 5.12.1.2 Arcaloy stainless steel electrodes have been among the leaders in the stainless electrode industry for many years. The strict purchase specifications for the core wire and the covering materials, and the rigid quality control under which the Arcaloy electrodes are manu- factured, have resulted in this position of leadership.

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